Key points of stamping die design for automobile parts
Modernization of die design and manufacturing is the foundation of the development of the die industry. With the development of science and technology, advanced technologies such as computer technology, information technology, and automation technology are constantly penetrating, intersecting, and integrating traditional manufacturing technologies, transforming them, and forming advanced manufacturing technologies. The new tapping technology in stamping dies has led many stamping manufacturers to reduce costs, causing a buying boom. Below, Shanghai Xinyan will share with you the key points of stamping die design for automobile parts.
1. Reasonable selection of die materials and implementation of correct heat treatment processes are the key to ensuring the life of the die. For dies with different uses, they should be comprehensively considered according to their working state, stress conditions, performance of the processed materials, production batch and productivity, and focus on the various performances of the above requirements, and then make corresponding choices for steel types and heat treatment processes. When the production batch of stamping parts is large, the materials of the working parts of the die, the punch and the die, should be selected from high-quality and wear-resistant die steel. The materials of other process structures and auxiliary structures of the die should also be improved accordingly. When the batch is not large, the requirements for material properties should be appropriately relaxed to reduce costs.
2. Various metal materials and non-metallic materials are used in stamping dies, mainly carbon steel, alloy steel, cast iron, cast steel, cemented carbide, low melting point alloy, zinc-based alloy, aluminum bronze, synthetic resin, polyurethane rubber, plastic, laminated birch board, etc.
The materials used to make the molds are required to have high hardness, strength, high wear resistance, appropriate toughness, high hardenability, no deformation (or less deformation) during heat treatment, and not easy to crack during quenching.
When the material being stamped is harder or has greater resistance to deformation, the convex and concave dies of the punch should be made of materials with good wear resistance and high strength. When drawing stainless steel, an aluminum bronze concave die can be used because it has better anti-adhesion properties. The guide pins and guide sleeves require wear resistance and good toughness, so low-carbon steel surface carburizing and quenching are often used.
For example, the main disadvantage of carbon tool steel is poor hardenability. When the cross-sectional size of the die parts is large, the central hardness is still low after quenching. However, when working on a press with a large number of strokes, it becomes an advantage due to its good impact resistance. For fixed plates and unloading plates, not only must they have sufficient strength, but they must also be deformed less during operation.
3. In addition, cold treatment and deep cold treatment, vacuum treatment and surface strengthening methods can also be used to improve the performance of mold parts. For cold extrusion dies with poor working conditions for convex and concave dies, mold steel with good comprehensive mechanical properties such as sufficient hardness, strength, toughness, and wear resistance should be selected, and it should also have certain red hardness and thermal fatigue strength.
4. The hot and cold processing properties of the material and the existing conditions of the factory should be considered. Pay attention to the use of micro-deformation mold steel to reduce machining costs. For molds with special requirements, mold steel with special properties should be developed and applied. The selection of mold materials should be determined according to the use conditions of the mold parts, so that low-priced materials can be selected to reduce costs while meeting the main conditions.